Filipe Rodrigues^1,2,3, Pedro Forte^3,4,5, Diogo Santos Teixeira^6,7, Luís Cid^1,3, Diogo Monteiro^3,8

¹Polytechnique Institute of Santarém, Sport Science School of Rio Maior (ESDRM-IPSantarém), Rio Maior, Portugal
²Research Center in Quality of Life (CIEQV), Santarém, Portugal
³Research Center in Sport, Health and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
⁴Instituto Superior de Ciências Educativas (ISCE Douro), Penafiel, Portugal
⁵Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, (IPB), Bragança, Portugal
⁶University of Lusófona (ULHT), Lisbon, Portugal
⁷Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Lisbon, Portugal
⁸Polytechnic of Leiria, ESECS, Leiria, Portugal

The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (Paces) as a Two-Dimensional Scale: Exploratory and Invariance Analysis

Monten. J. Sports Sci. Med. 2021, 10(1), 61-66 | DOI: 10.26773/mjssm.210309

Abstract

The current study aims to examine the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) as a two-dimensional scale assessing two correlated but distinct dimensions of enjoyment. In total, 277 individuals (female = 108) aged between 18 and 53 years (M = 35.66; SD = 7.42) participated in the study. The unidimensional model solution displayed good fit. However, the exploratory structural equation modelling specification considering two correlated but distinct dimensions of enjoyment showed a better fit. This study was the first attempt to examine the possible existence of two dimensions within the eight-item PACES measure. The distinct aspect of the current research is to emphasize the complex and constant process of instrument validation. Scales should be viewed as a continuous process, and future methodological procedures will increase our understanding of instrument examination with more innovative statistical approaches.

Keywords

enjoyment, exploratory analysis satisfaction, fun

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